Gigapascal to Pascal Converter 2026 - Pressure Calculator | Thiyagi

Gigapascal to Pascal Converter

Convert gigapascals to pascals instantly for engineering, materials science, and pressure calculations

Quick Reference

1 GPa
= 1×10⁹ Pa
0.1 GPa
= 1×10⁸ Pa
10 GPa
= 1×10¹⁰ Pa
100 GPa
= 1×10¹¹ Pa

About This Converter

This converter helps you convert between gigapascals and pascals. One gigapascal equals 1,000,000,000 pascals.

Conversion Formula:
Pascals = Gigapascals × 1,000,000,000
Gigapascals = Pascals ÷ 1,000,000,000

Common Applications

  • Materials testing
  • Structural engineering
  • Geophysics research
  • High-pressure studies
  • Mechanical engineering

Complete Guide to Gigapascal to Pascal Conversion and Pressure Measurement

The Gigapascal to Pascal converter represents an essential calculation tool for engineers, scientists, material scientists, and technical professionals working with high-pressure measurements across diverse applications including materials testing, geological studies, industrial manufacturing, aerospace engineering, and scientific research requiring precise pressure unit conversions. We understand that pressure measurement and unit conversion accuracy prove critical for engineering calculations, safety assessments, material specifications, and scientific documentation where incorrect pressure values lead to catastrophic failures, inaccurate research conclusions, or dangerous operational conditions. Our comprehensive GPa to Pa conversion system provides instant, accurate conversions while offering detailed explanations of pressure measurement principles, practical applications, industry standards, and conversion methodologies essential for professional technical work.

Understanding Pressure Units: Pascal and Gigapascal

The Pascal (Pa) serves as the SI (International System of Units) standard unit for pressure measurement, defined as one newton per square meter (N/m²). Named after French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal, this unit provides the fundamental measurement basis for all pressure calculations in scientific and engineering contexts. One Pascal represents relatively low pressure—approximately the pressure exerted by a dollar bill resting flat on a table—making it suitable for measuring atmospheric variations, low-pressure gases, and sensitive pressure differentials in research applications.

The Gigapascal (GPa) represents one billion Pascals (1 GPa = 1,000,000,000 Pa = 10⁹ Pa), serving as a more practical unit for expressing extremely high pressures encountered in materials science, geological contexts, and industrial applications. Materials scientists specify ultimate tensile strength, compressive strength, and elastic modulus values in Gigapascals; geologists describe lithostatic pressure at various Earth depths in GPa; and manufacturing engineers reference material hardness and forming pressures using Gigapascal measurements. This unit's magnitude makes it ideal for applications where Pascal values would require unwieldy numbers with numerous zeros.

The Mathematical Relationship Between GPa and Pa

Conversion Formula and Calculation Method

Converting Gigapascals to Pascals requires multiplying the GPa value by one billion (10⁹), reflecting the prefix "Giga" meaning billion in the metric system. The conversion formula states: Pascals = Gigapascals × 1,000,000,000. For example, 2.5 GPa converts to 2,500,000,000 Pa (2.5 × 10⁹ Pa in scientific notation). This straightforward multiplication reflects the hierarchical structure of SI units where prefixes indicate powers of ten scaling from base units.

The inverse conversion from Pascals to Gigapascals divides Pascal values by one billion: Gigapascals = Pascals ÷ 1,000,000,000. For instance, 5,600,000,000 Pa equals 5.6 GPa (5.6 × 10⁹ Pa = 5.6 GPa). Understanding both conversion directions proves essential as technical documentation, research papers, and engineering specifications may present pressure values in either unit depending on context, requiring professionals to convert between units maintaining calculation accuracy throughout complex engineering analyses.

Scientific Notation in Pressure Conversions

Scientific notation provides elegant representation for extremely large or small pressure values avoiding unwieldy strings of zeros. Engineers typically express Pascal equivalents of Gigapascal pressures using powers of ten: 1 GPa = 1 × 10⁹ Pa, 3.5 GPa = 3.5 × 10⁹ Pa, 0.75 GPa = 7.5 × 10⁸ Pa. This notation maintains precision while improving readability in technical calculations, research publications, and engineering documentation where clarity and accuracy remain paramount.

Applications of Gigapascal Pressure Measurements

Materials Science and Engineering

Materials testing extensively employs Gigapascal measurements for characterizing mechanical properties including ultimate tensile strength, compressive strength, elastic modulus (Young's modulus), shear modulus, and bulk modulus. High-strength structural steels exhibit tensile strengths of 0.5-2.0 GPa, advanced ceramics reach compressive strengths of 3-5 GPa, and ultra-high-strength materials like carbon nanotubes demonstrate theoretical strengths exceeding 100 GPa. Engineers specify material properties in GPa enabling precise structural calculations, failure analysis, and material selection for demanding applications requiring specific strength characteristics.

The elastic modulus or Young's modulus quantifies material stiffness measuring stress-strain relationship within elastic deformation ranges. Common engineering materials display characteristic modulus values: aluminum approximately 70 GPa, steel around 200 GPa, titanium near 110 GPa, concrete 20-40 GPa, and diamond approximately 1,200 GPa representing exceptional stiffness. These modulus values guide engineering design calculations predicting deflection, vibration characteristics, and structural behavior under applied loads across aerospace, automotive, civil, and mechanical engineering applications.

Geological and Geophysical Applications

Lithostatic pressure within Earth increases with depth as overlying rock mass weight creates immense pressures affecting rock formation, metamorphism, mineral stability, and tectonic processes. Geologists calculate that pressure increases approximately 0.027 GPa per kilometer of depth in typical continental crust, reaching 1 GPa at roughly 37 kilometers depth, 3.5 GPa at the base of continental crust (35-40 km), and exceeding 360 GPa at Earth's core-mantle boundary 2,900 kilometers below surface. These extreme pressures drive metamorphic reactions, control mineral phase transformations, and influence mantle convection patterns fundamental to plate tectonics.

High-pressure experimental geology recreates deep Earth conditions using diamond anvil cells achieving pressures exceeding 300 GPa enabling researchers to study mineral behavior, phase transitions, and material properties at conditions matching Earth's deep mantle and core. These experiments inform models of planetary interiors, earthquake mechanisms, volcanic processes, and mineral resource formation providing critical insights into Earth system dynamics and deep crustal processes inaccessible through direct observation.

Industrial Manufacturing Processes

High-pressure manufacturing techniques employ GPa-range pressures for forming, hardening, and processing advanced materials. Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) applies pressures of 0.1-0.3 GPa at elevated temperatures consolidating metal powders, eliminating casting porosity, and bonding dissimilar materials. Ultra-high-pressure water jet cutting systems operate at 0.4-0.6 GPa (60,000-90,000 psi) slicing through metals, composites, and ceramics without heat-affected zones. Explosive forming processes generate transient pressures exceeding 5-10 GPa shaping large metal components for aerospace and defense applications.

Research and Scientific Studies

Materials science research investigating extreme conditions employs GPa-range pressures studying superconductivity, phase transitions, chemical reactions under pressure, and novel material synthesis. Shock wave physics generates transient pressures exceeding 100 GPa investigating material behavior during hypervelocity impacts, explosive events, and astrophysical processes. These research applications require precise pressure measurement and documentation where GPa provides appropriate magnitude for expressing experimental conditions and comparing results across studies and research groups worldwide.

Pressure Measurement Methods and Instruments

High-Pressure Measurement Technologies

Strain gauge pressure transducers measure pressures converting mechanical deformation into electrical signals proportional to applied pressure. High-pressure transducers employ specialized designs with hardened materials, miniaturized sensing elements, and temperature compensation measuring pressures from MPa to several GPa ranges. Calibration against primary pressure standards ensures measurement accuracy critical for research applications, quality control, and safety-critical pressure monitoring in industrial processes.

Piezoelectric pressure sensors generate electrical charge proportional to applied pressure through piezoelectric crystal deformation. These sensors excel at measuring dynamic pressures, shock waves, and transient pressure events characteristic of explosions, impacts, and high-speed manufacturing processes. Quartz crystal sensors maintain linearity across wide pressure ranges including GPa-level measurements with fast response times essential for capturing rapid pressure transients.

Diamond Anvil Cell Technology

The diamond anvil cell (DAC) achieves extreme static pressures exceeding 300 GPa by compressing samples between opposed diamond anvils. Diamond's exceptional hardness and optical transparency enable simultaneous high-pressure generation and spectroscopic observation of sample behavior. Researchers measure pressure within DACs using ruby fluorescence shift, diamond edge diffraction, or equation-of-state measurements of reference materials, achieving pressure determination accuracy of several percent even at multimegabar pressures critical for high-pressure physics and chemistry research.

Related Pressure Units and Conversions

Megapascal (MPa) Relationships

The Megapascal (MPa) equals one million Pascals (10⁶ Pa), occupying the measurement scale between Pascal and Gigapascal. One Gigapascal equals 1,000 Megapascals (1 GPa = 1,000 MPa), making MPa an intermediate unit commonly used for moderate high-pressure applications including hydraulic systems (10-70 MPa), concrete strength specifications (20-100 MPa), and intermediate-pressure industrial processes. Understanding GPa-MPa-Pa relationships enables seamless unit conversions across the full pressure measurement spectrum.

PSI and Bar Conversions

Pounds per square inch (psi) remains prevalent in United States engineering practice despite SI unit adoption elsewhere. Converting between GPa and psi requires: 1 GPa = 145,038 psi (approximately 145,000 psi). The bar, another common pressure unit, relates to GPa as: 1 GPa = 10,000 bar. These conversions prove essential when working with international specifications, legacy documentation, or equipment calibrated in non-SI units requiring conversion to GPa or Pa for modern scientific analysis and engineering calculations.

Atmosphere (atm) Unit Relations

The standard atmosphere (atm) equals 101,325 Pa or approximately 0.0001013 GPa (1.013 × 10⁻⁴ GPa). Conversely, 1 GPa equals approximately 9,869 atm or roughly 10,000 atmospheres. This relationship provides intuitive perspective on Gigapascal pressure magnitude—1 GPa represents nearly ten thousand times atmospheric pressure at sea level, illustrating the extreme pressures characteristic of deep geological settings, high-pressure manufacturing, and materials testing applications employing GPa-range pressures.

Practical Conversion Examples and Calculations

Material Property Conversions

Steel's typical elastic modulus of 200 GPa converts to 200,000,000,000 Pa or 2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa, illustrating why GPa provides practical magnitude for expressing material stiffness. Concrete's compressive strength of 30 MPa equals 0.030 GPa or 30,000,000 Pa—demonstrating how GPa remains less practical for moderate-strength materials where MPa provides more appropriate magnitude. Diamond's exceptional modulus near 1,200 GPa converts to 1.2 × 10¹² Pa, exceeding steel stiffness by factor of six reflecting diamond's extraordinary mechanical properties.

Geological Pressure Calculations

At 100 kilometers depth within Earth's mantle, lithostatic pressure reaches approximately 3 GPa (3 × 10⁹ Pa). This pressure drives metamorphic reactions converting crustal rocks to denser mineral assemblages including eclogite formation from basalt, creating characteristic high-pressure minerals like garnet and omphacite. At 400 kilometers depth approaching the transition zone, pressures near 13 GPa (1.3 × 10¹⁰ Pa) trigger olivine-to-wadsleyite phase transformation increasing mantle density and affecting seismic wave velocities—a critical boundary observable through earthquake wave analysis.

Accuracy and Precision in Pressure Conversions

Significant Figures and Rounding

Maintaining appropriate significant figures throughout pressure conversions preserves measurement precision reflecting original data accuracy. When converting 2.5 GPa to Pascals, the result 2,500,000,000 Pa maintains two significant figures matching the input precision. Expressing this as 2.5 × 10⁹ Pa clearly indicates significant figure count avoiding ambiguity inherent in trailing zeros. Engineers must match conversion precision to application requirements—structural calculations requiring high accuracy maintain more significant figures than rough estimates or order-of-magnitude comparisons.

Measurement Uncertainty Propagation

All pressure measurements contain inherent uncertainty from instrument limitations, calibration accuracy, environmental effects, and measurement methodology. Converting between units propagates these uncertainties requiring proper error analysis. If a pressure measurement of 1.50 ± 0.05 GPa contains 3.3% uncertainty, the Pascal equivalent 1.50 × 10⁹ ± 0.05 × 10⁹ Pa maintains identical relative uncertainty. Professional engineering practice documents measurement uncertainties alongside converted values ensuring proper interpretation and appropriate safety factors in critical applications.

Software Tools and Automated Conversion

Digital Conversion Calculators

Modern online conversion tools provide instant GPa-to-Pa conversions eliminating manual calculation errors and saving time during engineering analyses. Our web-based converter accepts Gigapascal inputs automatically calculating Pascal equivalents with appropriate precision and scientific notation formatting. Bidirectional conversion capability handles both GPa-to-Pa and Pa-to-GPa calculations accommodating diverse user needs across materials science, geology, engineering, and research applications requiring frequent unit conversions.

Spreadsheet and Programming Integration

Engineers incorporate pressure unit conversions into Excel spreadsheets, Python scripts, MATLAB programs, and engineering software automating conversions within larger calculation workflows. Simple conversion formulas (multiply by 10⁹ for GPa-to-Pa, divide by 10⁹ for Pa-to-GPa) integrate easily into computational tools enabling batch conversions, parametric studies, and data analysis pipelines processing pressure measurements from experimental equipment, simulation outputs, or literature data requiring consistent unit systems.

Industry Standards and Specifications

International Standards Organizations

The International System of Units (SI) maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) defines the Pascal as the official pressure unit with Gigapascal as an accepted SI prefix multiple. International standards organizations including ISO (International Organization for Standardization), ASTM International, and national standards bodies specify pressure units in technical standards, test methods, and material specifications. Compliance with these standards requires proper unit usage and conversion accuracy ensuring international compatibility in engineering specifications, research publications, and commercial transactions.

Material Property Databases

Comprehensive materials databases including MatWeb, ASM International handbooks, and specialty material databases provide mechanical property data predominantly in SI units with elastic moduli, strength values, and hardness measurements in GPa or MPa. Users accessing multiple databases encounter varied unit preferences requiring conversion capabilities ensuring consistent property comparisons across materials, suppliers, and application contexts where material selection depends on accurate property understanding expressed in familiar units.

Safety Considerations in High-Pressure Applications

High-pressure systems operating at GPa-range pressures present significant safety hazards including explosive energy release upon containment failure, projectile hazards from ejected components, and personnel injury risks requiring rigorous safety protocols. Pressure vessel design follows codes like ASME Section VIII incorporating substantial safety factors, material selection requirements, inspection procedures, and pressure relief systems preventing catastrophic failures. Accurate pressure measurement and unit conversion prove critical for safety assessments—misinterpreting units or calculation errors lead to under-designed equipment risking personnel safety and facility damage.

Laboratory high-pressure experiments employ engineered barriers, remote operation capabilities, and emergency pressure relief systems protecting researchers from high-pressure hazards. Diamond anvil cell users implement protective enclosures preventing injury from potential diamond fracture or sample ejection. Industrial high-pressure equipment requires regular inspection, maintenance, and operator training ensuring safe operation throughout equipment lifecycles where pressure magnitude understanding—including proper GPa-Pa conversion—forms fundamental competency for personnel working with these powerful systems.

Historical Development of Pressure Measurement

Pressure measurement science evolved from Evangelista Torricelli's 1643 invention of the mercury barometer through subsequent developments by Otto von Guericke, Robert Boyle, and Blaise Pascal establishing foundational pressure concepts. The Pascal unit adoption followed the 1960 International System of Units establishment modernizing scientific measurement through standardized, coherent unit systems replacing diverse legacy units. Gigapascal terminology emerged as materials science and high-pressure physics developed during the 20th century requiring practical nomenclature for extreme pressures orders of magnitude beyond atmospheric conditions.

Future Trends in Pressure Measurement

Advanced materials research increasingly explores ultrahigh-pressure regimes exceeding 100 GPa investigating exotic phenomena including pressure-induced superconductivity, metallic hydrogen formation, and novel material synthesis possible only under extreme conditions. Emerging applications in quantum materials, planetary science, and fundamental physics research demand enhanced pressure measurement capabilities, more precise conversion tools, and expanded pressure standards supporting next-generation high-pressure research pushing boundaries of accessible pressure ranges and measurement accuracy.

Pressure Unit Conversion Reference Table

Gigapascal (GPa) Pascal (Pa) Megapascal (MPa) Bar PSI Atmosphere (atm)
1 GPa 1,000,000,000 Pa 1,000 MPa 10,000 bar 145,038 psi 9,869 atm
0.1 GPa 100,000,000 Pa 100 MPa 1,000 bar 14,504 psi 987 atm
0.01 GPa 10,000,000 Pa 10 MPa 100 bar 1,450 psi 99 atm
10 GPa 10,000,000,000 Pa 10,000 MPa 100,000 bar 1,450,380 psi 98,690 atm
100 GPa 100,000,000,000 Pa 100,000 MPa 1,000,000 bar 14,503,800 psi 986,900 atm

*Conversion factors are approximate. 1 GPa = exactly 1 × 10⁹ Pa = exactly 1,000 MPa

25 Frequently Asked Questions About Gigapascal to Pascal Conversion

1. What is the conversion formula from Gigapascal to Pascal?

The conversion formula is: Pascal = Gigapascal × 1,000,000,000 (or Pa = GPa × 10⁹). Multiply any Gigapascal value by one billion to obtain the equivalent Pascal value. For example, 2 GPa = 2,000,000,000 Pa.

2. How many Pascals are in 1 Gigapascal?

One Gigapascal equals exactly 1,000,000,000 Pascals (1 billion Pascals or 10⁹ Pa). This relationship reflects the metric prefix "Giga" meaning billion (10⁹) in the International System of Units.

3. What is a Gigapascal (GPa)?

A Gigapascal is a unit of pressure equal to one billion Pascals (10⁹ Pa). It's commonly used to express high pressures in materials science (material strength, elastic modulus), geology (lithostatic pressure), and industrial applications where Pascal values would be impractically large.

4. What is a Pascal (Pa)?

A Pascal is the SI base unit for pressure, defined as one newton per square meter (N/m²). Named after physicist Blaise Pascal, it represents relatively low pressure—approximately the pressure of a dollar bill resting flat on a table.

5. Why use Gigapascals instead of Pascals?

Gigapascals provide practical magnitude for expressing extremely high pressures where Pascal values would require unwieldy numbers with many zeros. Material strengths, geological pressures, and industrial high-pressure applications naturally fall into GPa ranges making this unit more convenient for technical communication and calculation.

6. What materials have strength measured in Gigapascals?

High-strength materials including structural steels (0.5-2 GPa tensile strength), advanced ceramics (3-5 GPa compressive strength), carbon fiber composites (2-7 GPa), titanium alloys (0.9-1.4 GPa), and ultra-strong materials like carbon nanotubes (exceeding 100 GPa theoretical strength) have properties expressed in GPa.

7. How do I convert Pascal to Gigapascal?

To convert Pascals to Gigapascals, divide by 1,000,000,000 (or divide by 10⁹): Gigapascal = Pascal ÷ 1,000,000,000. For example, 5,000,000,000 Pa = 5 GPa.

8. What is the relationship between GPa and MPa?

One Gigapascal equals 1,000 Megapascals (1 GPa = 1,000 MPa). Megapascal (MPa) represents an intermediate pressure unit between Pascal and Gigapascal, commonly used for moderate pressures in hydraulics, concrete strength, and engineering applications.

9. How many PSI is 1 Gigapascal?

One Gigapascal equals approximately 145,038 PSI (pounds per square inch). This conversion proves essential when working with equipment calibrated in imperial units or specifications from United States sources using PSI pressure ratings.

10. What is elastic modulus and why is it measured in GPa?

Elastic modulus (Young's modulus) quantifies material stiffness measuring the stress-strain ratio within elastic deformation ranges. Most engineering materials have moduli in the 1-1,000 GPa range (aluminum ~70 GPa, steel ~200 GPa, diamond ~1,200 GPa), making GPa the practical unit for expressing material stiffness.

11. How much pressure is at the bottom of the ocean in GPa?

At the deepest ocean point (Mariana Trench, ~11 km deep), pressure reaches approximately 0.11 GPa (110 MPa or 1,100 atmospheres). While extreme by human standards, this remains modest compared to geological pressures deep within Earth's interior.

12. What pressure exists deep inside Earth?

Lithostatic pressure within Earth increases with depth: approximately 3 GPa at 100 km depth, 13 GPa at 400 km depth, 136 GPa at the core-mantle boundary (2,900 km), and exceeding 360 GPa at Earth's center—pressures driving metamorphic reactions, mineral transformations, and mantle dynamics.

13. What is a diamond anvil cell?

A diamond anvil cell (DAC) is a research device achieving extreme static pressures exceeding 300 GPa by compressing samples between opposed diamond anvils. It enables study of material behavior, phase transitions, and properties at conditions matching deep Earth interiors and other planetary cores.

14. Why is scientific notation used with Pascal values?

Scientific notation (e.g., 2.5 × 10⁹ Pa) provides elegant representation avoiding unwieldy strings of zeros while clearly indicating significant figures. Engineers commonly express GPa-equivalent Pascal pressures using powers of ten maintaining precision and improving readability in technical documentation.

15. How accurate do pressure conversions need to be?

Conversion accuracy should match application requirements and measurement precision. Structural calculations requiring high accuracy maintain more significant figures, while rough estimates use fewer. Always propagate measurement uncertainties through conversions and document precision limitations appropriately.

16. What is the difference between stress and pressure?

Both stress and pressure have identical units (Pa, GPa) representing force per unit area. However, pressure typically refers to forces acting perpendicular to surfaces (hydrostatic or fluid pressure), while stress encompasses all force orientations including tensile, compressive, and shear stresses in solid materials.

17. Can I use regular calculators for GPa to Pa conversion?

Yes, but dedicated conversion tools offer advantages including automatic precision handling, scientific notation formatting, and bidirectional conversion capabilities. Online converters eliminate manual calculation errors and save time when performing multiple conversions during engineering analyses or research work.

18. What is the pressure unit bar, and how does it relate to GPa?

The bar equals 100,000 Pa (10⁵ Pa), and 1 GPa equals 10,000 bar. Bar remains common in engineering practice particularly for moderate pressures (meteorology, tire pressure, industrial processes), though SI standardization increasingly favors Pascal-based units.

19. How do I convert GPa to atmospheres?

One Gigapascal equals approximately 9,869 atmospheres (1 GPa ≈ 9,869 atm). This conversion provides intuitive perspective—1 GPa represents nearly 10,000 times atmospheric pressure at sea level, illustrating the extreme pressures characteristic of high-pressure applications.

20. What materials testing uses Gigapascal measurements?

Tensile testing, compression testing, hardness testing, and elastic modulus determination employ GPa measurements. Universal testing machines apply controlled loads measuring material response with results expressed as stress-strain curves, ultimate strengths, and moduli all utilizing GPa units for high-strength materials.

21. Are there pressures higher than Gigapascals?

Yes, research applications employ Terapascal (TPa = 10¹² Pa = 1,000 GPa) for extreme conditions including planetary core pressures, shock wave physics, and theoretical materials at pressures approaching those in stellar interiors. Diamond anvil cells achieve pressures exceeding 300 GPa approaching 1 TPa.

22. How do engineers use pressure conversions in design?

Structural design calculations require consistent units throughout analyses. Engineers convert material properties, applied loads, and design criteria to common units (typically SI with GPa/MPa for strengths and stresses) ensuring accurate stress calculations, safety factor determinations, and failure predictions.

23. What is lithostatic pressure?

Lithostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by overlying rock mass in geological settings. It increases approximately 0.027 GPa per kilometer of depth in typical continental crust, driving metamorphic reactions, controlling mineral stability, and influencing rock deformation throughout Earth's interior.

24. Why do some countries still use PSI instead of GPa?

The United States maintains customary units including PSI in many engineering applications despite international SI adoption. Legacy equipment, established industry practices, and infrastructure investments delay complete SI transition. International work requires conversion capabilities between GPa, Pa, PSI, and other pressure units.

25. Where can I learn more about pressure measurement and conversion?

Resources include engineering handbooks (Marks' Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers), materials science textbooks, NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) publications, professional society resources (ASME, ASM International), and online educational materials from universities and engineering organizations.

Practical Conversion Guide and Applications

Common Material Properties in GPa

  • ► Steel Elastic Modulus: 200 GPa (2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa)
  • ► Aluminum Elastic Modulus: 70 GPa (7.0 × 10¹⁰ Pa)
  • ► Titanium Elastic Modulus: 110 GPa (1.1 × 10¹¹ Pa)
  • ► Diamond Elastic Modulus: 1,200 GPa (1.2 × 10¹² Pa)
  • ► High-Strength Steel Tensile: 1.5-2.0 GPa (1.5-2.0 × 10⁹ Pa)
  • ► Advanced Ceramics Compressive: 3-5 GPa (3-5 × 10⁹ Pa)

Quick Conversion Reference

  • ✓ 1 GPa = 1,000,000,000 Pa (exactly)
  • ✓ 1 GPa = 1,000 MPa (exactly)
  • ✓ 1 GPa = 10,000 bar
  • ✓ 1 GPa ≈ 145,038 psi
  • ✓ 1 GPa ≈ 9,869 atmospheres
  • ✓ To convert: Multiply GPa by 10⁹ for Pa

Conversion Calculation Examples

Example 1: Material Property Conversion

Steel's elastic modulus = 200 GPa

Calculation: 200 × 1,000,000,000 = 200,000,000,000 Pa

Result: 2.0 × 10¹¹ Pa or 200,000 MPa

Example 2: Geological Pressure Conversion

Pressure at 100 km depth = 3 GPa

Calculation: 3 × 1,000,000,000 = 3,000,000,000 Pa

Result: 3.0 × 10⁹ Pa or 3,000 MPa or ~30,000 atm

Example 3: High-Pressure Research Conversion

Diamond anvil cell pressure = 150 GPa

Calculation: 150 × 1,000,000,000 = 150,000,000,000 Pa

Result: 1.5 × 10¹¹ Pa or 150,000 MPa or 1.5 million bar